Celluloid Franz Schmidt Germany Doll.  It has articulated head, arms and legs. The eyes are original, fixed and glass, vibrant facial coloration, ajar mouth, molded painted hair This doll arrived in my hands in perfect condition only the rubbers have been changed. It measures about 45 cm.

The head have the  Letters Fs & Co and the mold number  1726/50 . Mark attributed to Franz Schmidt Dolls.

Franz Schmidt Dolls 1890-1937 German

Franz Schmidt founded his doll company in Georgenthal, Thuringia, Germany in 1890, also known as Puppenfabrik Georgenthal.  Simon & Halbig supplied the bisque heads, designed specifically for Franz Schmidt’s dolls.  Schmidt was very innovative in the doll industry providing many improvements such as; improved wood joints, pierced nostrils (called reathers), movable tongue or flutter tongue, eye bar and doll voice boxes.

Franz Schmidt made dolls sized 6 to 42″ tall, Dolly face, Character Baby and Character Dolls with bisque heads, glass or painted eyes, kid or composition body, all of whom are very high quality.  Sometimes a z is found in Schmidt’s doll marking, this is believed to stand for zentimeter, German for centimeter. Celluloid Franz Schmidt Germany Doll.

Franz Schmidt registered doll trade names are:  1909 Cellulobrin, 1910 Tausendschöchen = Daisy and 1913 Little Boy Blue a baby doll.

The Celluloid

In the last quarter of the 19th century, celluloid began to compete with traditional materials used in doll making, such as biscuit, wood, paper, and cloth.

Because it was a versatile substance, made from pyroxylin (cellulose nitrates) and camphor, it was an inexpensive material and easy to produce.

It was mostly used extensively for doll making, as well as many household items, until the mid-1950s same Celluloid kammer & reinhardt nº728/8 doll , when it was replaced by other plastics.

Celluloid was first developed and used for Hyatt Brothers dolls in New Jersey in the late 1860s. His company registered the name “celluloid” in 1869. Although the product was patented, the word celluloid is used to Often to describe all types of pyroxylin mixtures, regardless of manufacturer.

The manufacturing process of the celluloid dolls in the first place is to place the celluloid substance in its solid state in a two-piece metal mold. The second step was to introduce steam or hot air into the mold under pressure, this softened the celluloid adapting to the shape of the mold until the two halves were joined.

When it cools, it is removed from the mold and the doll is decorated. Celluloid Franz Schmidt Germany Doll

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